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Helena Kantakouzene, Empress of Trebizond
Helena Kantakouzene (died 1463) was the second wife of David of Trebizond. She was the last Empress of Trebizond.
==Family==
Donald Nicol has argued that Helena was the sister of George Palaiologos Kantakouzenos, and thus the granddaughter of Matthew Kantakouzenos and possibly the daughter of Demetrios I Kantakouzenos.〔Donald M. Nicol, ''The Byzantine Family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus) ca. 1100-1460: a Genealogical and Prosopographical Study'' (Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks, 1968), p. 188. However, Nicol has backed away from this identification of Helena and George's father; see his ("The Byzantine Family of Kantakouzenos: Some Addenda and Corrigenda" ), ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers'', 27 (1973), pp. 312f〕 Theodore Spandounes reports that George visited her in Trebizond after 1437.〔Nicol, ''Byzantine Family'', p. 177〕
It is unclear which of David's children were also hers; his five children—three boys and two daughters—have been attributed variously to Helena or David's first wife Maria of Gothia by various genealogies. Nevertheless, the oldest sons died with their father 1 November 1463; the youngest son, George, who was three years old, and the daughter Anna were spared. Spandounes states they were sent as a present to Sultan Uzun Hassan of the Aq Qoyunlu, where George was converted to Islam, but he eventually escaped and abjured to Christianity.〔William Miller, ''Trebizond: The last Greek Empire of the Byzantine Era: 1204-1461'', 1926 (Chicago: Argonaut, 1969), p. 109〕 Spandounes says the name of the king who sheltered George Kantakouzene and gave him his daughter in marriage was named "Gurguiabei", which has been interpreted as a king of Georgia (and either George VIII or Constantine II), or "Guria Bey", ruler of Guria.〔Nicol, ''Byzantine Family'', p. 190 n. 43〕 Anna's fate is less clear. The historian Laonikos Chalkokondyles contradicts Spandounes, writing that after being "summoned to his bedchamber", Anna was married to Zagan Pasha; however, when he learned Zagan attempted to force her to become a Muslim, Mehmet separated them.〔Chalkokondyles, 9.80; 10.13; translated by Anthony Kaldellis, ''The Histories'' (Cambridge: Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library, 2014), vol. 2 pp. 364-367; 414f〕 A local tradition connects Anna to a village south of Trabizon called "Lady Village", where in 1870 an inscription bearing Anna's name was seen in the village church dedicated to the Archangels.〔Miller, ''Trebizond'', p. 110〕
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